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SCSI
SCSI stands for Small Computer Systems Interface and is a less commonly used, but faster alternative to IDE. Another advantage of SCSI is that only the controller uses an IRQ while the devices attached to it do not. SCSI devices are most commonly found in servers and high-end workstations.
SCSI devices, such as hard drives and CD-ROM drives, plug into a SCSI controller internally or externally, and multiple devices can be configured in a chain. Internal devices connect using a 68-pin ribbon cable that is similar to that used for IDE devices. It is very important that you get the pin orientation correct when installing a SCSI drive. Failure to do so can destroy the SCSI device and/or the SCSI controller card. External devices connect to the SCSI controller on the back of the PC. To learn more about the various cable and connector types, read SCSI Connector Types.
In order for the SCSI bus to work correctly, the last device on any SCSI chain must be terminated. Some SCSI devices are self-terminating, while others can be terminated using jumpers or a resistor that plugs into the end of the cable or device.
Each device on a SCSI chain must receive its own SCSI ID including the controller. This ID can be set on SCSI devices using either jumpers, dip switches or dials. You will need to consult with the manufacturer of your device to figure out the correct method for setting the ID. New SCSI standards support up to 16 devices. The controller is usually preset to receive ID 7. A bootable hard drive would usually be set to ID 0 since it is the lowest on the list and the first to be accessed.
SCSI controllers come with their own BIOS that offer configuration settings.
Over the years, there have been a number of SCSI standards and increasing speed. The table below shows the details of the various SCSI standards:
| Standard |
Bus Speed (MBps) |
Bus Width |
Devices Supported |
| SCSI-1 |
5 |
8 |
8 |
| Fast SCSI |
10 |
8 |
8 |
| Fast Wide SCSI |
20 |
16 |
16 |
| Ultra SCSI |
20 |
8 |
8 |
| Wide Ultra SCSI |
40 |
16 |
16 |
| Ultra2 SCSI |
40 |
8 |
8 |
| Wide Ultra2 SCSI |
80 |
16 |
16 |
Ultra3 SCSI
(Ultra 160) |
160 |
16 |
16 |
| Ultra320 |
320 |
16 |
16 |
Additional Reading
http://www.techtutorials.com/Hardware/SCSI/
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