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Portable Devices
There are a wide variety of portable devices available nowadays including laptops, portable digital assistants (PDA), tablet PCs, etc. In addition, cell phones continue to add new features that are beginning to give them many of the capabilities of the previously mentioned options.
Laptop Computers
Laptop computers have been around for quite a while and continue to be a popular choice for mobile computing. Laptops have LCD screens and run on rechargeable batteries. There are 3 types of batteries that are used in laptops as follows:
- Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd) - This is an older technology that had a few problems. First, the batteries needed to be completely discharged before recharging or they wouldn't hold a very good charge and had problems when overcharged. Second, they have to be disposed of by a recycling service due to their toxic nature.
- Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) - Still commonly used today, these do not have the charging problems that the Ni-Cd types did. They are also non-toxic and do not need special disposal.
- Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) - These are the most commonly used batteries used today. They can hold a charge much longer than their predecessors, although cannot be recharged as many times. If a lithium-ion battery is overcharged, it can explode which is why devices that use these batteries have a built-in mechanism to prevent overcharging.
Most laptops and other portables can be plugged into a docking station which extends the funtionality of the device. For example, your laptop might not have a DVD player, but if the docking station does, then you can use it when the laptop is "docked".
PCMCIA
The PCMCIA bus was developed for smaller computing devices and is hot-swappable. PCMCIA cards, now referred to as PC Cards, are very thin and provide connectivity for everything from removable media to ethernet connections. There are 3 types of PC cards:
- Type I - 3.3mm thick and used as memory expansion units.
- Type II - 5mm thick and supports most expansion functions except removable hard drives. Type I cards will work in them.
- Type III - 10.5mm thick and used mainly for removable drives. Type I and II cards will work in them.
PDAs
You will probably not see much, if anything, on PDAs on the exam, but here are a couple of basic things to remember about them.
- PDAs use can synch with your computer once they are placed into their cradle. This cradle usually connects via a serial port and uses software to update changes to whichever device (your PC or PDA) has not received them.
- PDAs (along with digital cameras) use different memory types depending on the manufacturer. Common types are CompactFlash and SanDisk.
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